2014年自考英语（一）考前要点复习：第四单元（五）
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3. Meaningfulness affects memory at all levels.
affect 是动词，意思是“影响”。常常会有一些英语学习者把动词affect和名词effect混淆，请注意下面的句子：
1) The drought would surely affect the harvest.(这场干旱肯定会影响到收成。)
2) Excessive smoking affected his health， bad coughs often made it difficult to breathe.(过度吸烟影响了他的健康，严重的咳嗽使他难以呼吸。)
3) Psychologists believe that colors have a definite effect on people.(心理学家认为颜色对人肯定有影响。)
4) We could all see the effects of the illness on him.(我们都能看出那场病在的身上的影响。)
5) 职务的变化使他的收入大受影响。(The change in position greatly affected his income.)
6) 他的话对听众没有任何影响作用。(What he said had little effect on the audience.)
4. Information that doesn't make any sense to you is difficult to remember.
that引导的定语从句修饰information; 主句是Information is difficult to remember.
不定式to remember 用在做表语用的形容词后面作状语。请看下面的句子：
1) Einstein was easy to get along with.(爱因斯坦很容易相处。)
2) To many foreigners， Chinese is hard to learn.(对许多外国人来说汉语很难学。)
3) The water in this river is not fit to drink.(这条河里的水不适合饮用。)
4) This question is very difficult to answer.(这个问题很难回答。)
make sense 的意思是“有意义;可理解”。请看下面的句子：
1) No matter how you read it， this sentence doesn't make any sense to me.(无论你怎么读，我都不理解这个句子。)
2) What the writer wanted to express in his book doesn't make any sense to the readers.(读者们无法理解作者在书中所要表达的意思。)
3) His explanation makes no sense to his students.(学生们不理解他的解释。)
5. Organization also makes a difference in our ability to remember.
动词不定式to remember在句中做定语，修饰名词ability.请看下面的句子：
1) You should have confidence in your ability to fulfill the task.(你们应对自己完成认务的能力有信心。)
2) He has kept the promise to come early in the morning.(他遵守了一大早来的诺言。)
3) They have the determination to overcome all the difficulties.(他们有克服所有困难的决心。)
4) We could see her anxiety to solve the problem.(我们能看出她急于解决这个问题。)
make a difference 的意思是“有关系;有影响;起作用”。请看下面的句子：
1) What he said would not make any difference in my decision-making.(他说的话不会对我做决定产生任何影响。)
2) Your participation in the work will make a great difference.(你参与我们的工作，情况就不一样了。)
3) Money won't make much difference to him.(钱对他起不了多大作用。)
4) I didn't like the appearance of the house， but the location and price made all the difference.(我不喜欢那房子的外观，但它的位置和价格起了重要作用。)
6. Material that is organized is better remembered than jumbled information.
句中的better是副词well的比较级形式，意思是“更好地”。请看下面的句子：
1) This story is better written than that one.(这个故事写得比那个好。)
2) This room is better furnished than that one.(这间屋子装饰得比那间好。)
3) This team is better trained than that one.(这个队训练得比那个队好。)
4) This job is better paid than that one.(这份工作的报酬比那份高。)
information是一个不可数名词，不能在其后加“-s”。请看例句：
1) There are many ways of obtaining information.(获得信息的途径很多。)
2) So far I haven't got any information about the game.(我至今还没有得到有关比赛的任何消息。)
3) I am sure this piece of information will be of great value to them.(我肯定这一消息对他们会很有价值。)
7. Chunking consists of grouping separate bits of information.
在第一单元的Text B中我们已经对consist of有所了解。这一词组的意思是“由…组成”，它与be made up of;be composed of 的意思相近，但consist of 不用被动语态。请看例句：
1) The United States consists of 50 states.(美国由50个州组成。)
2) The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.(英国由大不立颠和北爱尔兰组成。)
3) Their team is made up of 6 team members.(他们队由6名队员组成。)
4) Our class is made up of 45 students.(我们班由45名同学组成。)
a bit在句中的意思是“一点，一些”，它可以用在形容词的前面， 但是不能用在名词的前面。在名词前面必须用a bit of.请看下面的例句：
1) I am a bit tired today.(我今天有点累。)
2) He said he was bit hungry.(他说他有点饿。)
3) Your article is a bit long for our paper. (你的文章对我们的报纸来说有点长了。)
4) He gave the bird a bit of water. (他给了鸟儿一点水。)
5) I would appreciate it if you could give me a bit of good advice.(如果你能给我一点宝贵建议我会很感激的。)
6) I only know a bit of Spanish. (我只懂一点点西班牙语。)
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