2013年自考英语一基础语法重点辅导（四）
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动名词的时态和语态基本形同分词的时态和语态
分词
状语 When I saw the film， I felt sad = Seeing the film， I felt sad.
Because it is Sunday today， we have no school.
It being Sunday， we have no school.转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
When the job was finished， we went home straight away.
The job finished， we went home straight away.
定语 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.
=The boy who is standing there is a classmate of mine.
The used car. A broken cup the question involved.
表语 The film is exciting. All the windows are broken.
宾补 I found them watering flowers.( I found that they were watering flowers.
I found the flowers watered. ( I found the flowers watered)
分词的时态和语态 .( 形同动名词 )
doing (being) being done
having done having been done
______nothing to say， the boy shield way form the crowd.
A. Having B. Have C Had. D. Having being
What developed was a music readily taking ( take) on various forms.
Not having got (not get) enough hands， she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task.
非谓语动词答题要点
1. Anyone wanting (want) to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.
2 . A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted (convict)of murder.
3. As research techniques become more advanced， the number of animals used ( use) in experiments may decrease.
Not have got (not， get)enough hands she had great difficulty in accomplishing the task .
It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control ( control) his direction.
As I'll be away for a year ， I'd appreciate hearing (hear)from you now and then .
Object to ， confess to ， look forward to + doing.转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
介词 + doing.
If I had remembered ―― the window， the thief would not have got in.
a. to close b. closing c. to have close d. having closed.
Begin， start， intend， continue to do， doing 的区别不大
The baby began crying. The baby began to cry.
Try to do. 努力去做 Try doing 尝试去做 .
I was very tired. I tired to keep my eyes open， but I couldn't.
I can't find anywhere to live.
______， they began to get down to business. A. The holidays being over B. The holidays are over C. The holidays were over D. The holidays had been over
V+ing 及从句 的固定用法
It's no use doing sth.
It's no use worrying about it. There's nothing you can do.
It's (not) worth doing sth.
Have difficulty doing sth.
Spend time (in) doing sth.
There is no doubt that.
强调句
强调主语 It is I that/who am to blame
2. 强调直接宾语 It was a glass that Mary broke.
3. 强调间接宾语 It was him that I gave the pen to.
4. 强调介词宾语 It is this room that I am living in.
5. 强调状语 1) 时间状语 It was last year that Tom graduated from high school.
2) 地点状语 It was under the bridge that we found him.
3) 原因状语 It was for his arrogance that I dislike him.
4) 目的状语 It was for pleasure that I read it.
不仅可以是陈述句 ， 还可以是疑问句和感叹句 .
Was it you that/who lost a watch yesterday What great progress it was that you made.
强调句可以是一个从句 ， 被强调的部分也可以是从句 .
I was told that it was because he hadn't received the invitation that he didn't come
It was there， the police believe，――she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.
A. that B.until C. which D. when
见某些形容词要虚拟
Urgent， necessary， important， possible， essential， incredible， natural， ridiculous， vital， imperative， crucial， critical， proper， compulsory， etc.
形容词带的从句 ： It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.
主语从句 ： It is decided that the meeting (should) be postponed.
宾语从句 ： He insisted that his daughter (should) come.
表语从句 ： The doctor's advice is that the patient (should) be kept quiet.
同位语从句 ： He gave order that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained.
考题 ： They demanded that the right to vote――(give) to every adult person. [(should) be given]
For a child to give up less mature idea for a more sophisticate one， it requires that the child ____ psychologically ready for the new idea.
A.is B.be C.were D.would be
第一类型虚拟语气 B
见某些形容词要虚拟
Urgent， necessary， important， possible， essential， incredible， natural， ridiculous， vital， imperative， crucial， critical， proper， compulsory， etc.
形容词带的从句 ： It is important that every member (should) inform himself of these rules.
主语从句 ： It is decided that the meeting (should) be postponed.
宾语从句 ： He insisted that his daughter (should) come.
表语从句 ： The doctor's advice is that the patient (should) be kept quiet.
同位语从句 ： He gave order that the guests (should) be hospitably entertained.
考题 ： They demanded that the right to vote――(give) to every adult person. [(should) be given]
For a child to give up less mature idea for a more sophisticate one， it requires that the child ____ psychologically ready for the new idea.
A.is B.be C.were D.would be
第二类型 ： if 的非真实条件句 ( 可能性小或没有可能 )
注意 ： if 可以引导真实条件句 ， 多是条件状语从句 .
第二类型虚拟语气 ( 时态到推的概念 )
第二类型虚拟语气举例省略 if 的倒装
were， had ， should.
If the doctor had been available， the child would have been saved.
Had the doctor been available， the child would have been saved.
考题 ：
_____for your help， I would not have overcome the psychological pressures and tensions.
A. Had it not been B. not been C. Without being D. not having been
特殊虚拟
Even if 形式上与 if 相同
Wish 形式上大体与 if 从句相同
从句谓语与 Wish 同时 Wish+ 主语 +V.ed/were
I wish I were as young as you.
从句谓语发生 Wish 之前 多用 Wish+ 主语 +had done(been)
I wish that he had not made so much trouble.
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