2012年自考英语（一）重点辅导资料（11）
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3) I don''t know whether the letter is overweight.(我不知道这封信是否超重。)$lesson$
by 后面跟动词的现在分词表示某人做了某件事，并通过这件事产生了某个结果。请看下面的句子：
They made a living by selling newspapers.(他们通过卖报谋生。)转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
2. They thought that eating deer would make them run as fast as the deer.
本句中that同样是引导一个宾语从句。在宾语从句中，动名词短语eating deer做主语。
make sb. do sth.意思是“使某人做某事”。make 后面的复合宾语中动词不定式符号to要省去，但是用被动语态时一定要用to，请看下面的句子：
1) The boss made them work from morning till night.(老板使他们从早到晚地干活。)
2) She was made to finish the book in two days (by her father)。(父亲让她两天把书看完。)
3. Some savage tribes believed that eating enemies that had shown bravery in battle would make them brave.
本句中的第一个that 引导的又是一个宾语从句，而后一个that 引导的是定语从句，修饰enemies
本句中them brave 是make 的复合宾语，请看下面的句子：
1) Don''t wait for him. He will make us late.(别等他了，他会使我们迟到的。)
2) He was afraid that the story would make things worse.(他担心那个故事会使事情更糟。)
3) I didn''t know that the news had been made public.(我不知道这个消息已经公开了。)
4. It was once thought …
Eggs were thought to make the voice pretty.
Tomatoes were believed to have magical powers
They were called love apples and were supposed to make people who ate them fall in love.
上面的这些句子全部用的是被动语态。
suppose 是一个常用词，请注意掌握。转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
1) I suppose it was reasonable for him to want his money back.(我看他想要回他的钱是合理的。)
2) I am not supposed to talk to you about this.(我不能和你谈这个。)
3) Suppose / Supposing something should go wrong， what would you do?(如果有了什么差错，你怎么办?)
5. How surprised the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could know that millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during WWII.
“how surprised the people would be”是主句，这是一个感叹句;who 引导的定语从句修饰people;if 引导的是条件状语从句。
感叹句通常用what 或how 引起。what 用来修饰一个名词，how 修饰一个形容词，副词或动词。
本句中that 引导的是一个表语从句
7. Washing food down with water as a substitute for chewing is not a good idea.
substitute for 是一个常用词组，意思是“代替，代用品”;substitute也可以做动词用，意思是“替代”。请看例句：
1) Don''t you think it a good idea to use plastic as a substitute for wood?
(你觉得用塑料做木材的代用品是个好主意吗?)
2) Daydreaming cannot substitute for hard work.(白日梦不能取代辛勤的努力。)
8. Many people think of bread as a carbohydrate food.
think of … as是一个习惯用法，意思是“把…看作是…”，“认为…是…”。请看下面的句子：
1) People think of him as a hero.(人们把他看作英雄。)
与think of …as 意思相近的习惯用法还有regard …as;consid
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