2011年自考英语写作精选句大汇总(2)
第二部分:写作常识 $lesson$
一、图形种类及概述法:
泛指一份数据图表:a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table
饼图:pie chart
直方图或柱形图:bar chart/histogram
趋势曲线图:line chart/curve diagram转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
表格图:table
流程图或过程图:flow chart/sequence diagram
程序图:processing/procedures diagram
以下是一些较常用的描述用法
The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that)
According to the table/chart diagram/graph
As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph
As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,
figures/statistics shows (that)……
It can be seen from the figures/statistics
We can see from the figures/statistics
It is clear from the figures/statistics
It is apparent from the figures/statistics
table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that) ……
table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how
二、data的具体表达法
data在某一个时间段固定不变:fixed in time
在一系列的时间段中转变:changes over time
持续变化的data在不同情况下:
增加:increase/raise/rise/go up ……
减少:decrease/grow down/drop/fall ……
波动:fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave ……
稳定:remain stable/stabilize/level off ……
最常用的两种表达法:
动词 + 副词形式(Verb+Adverb form)
形容词 + 名词形式(Adjective+Noun form)转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
1. Verb+Adverb form
The number of XXX
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate……
+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically
/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly……
+from (第一时间) to (第二时间)/between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
2. Adjective+Noun form
There was a (very) sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight
+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation (注意:上述很多词不可用于修饰fluctuation)
+in the number of XXX from (第一时间) to (第二时间)/between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
描述稳定的data:
The number of XXX remained steady/stable from (第一时间) to (第二时间)/between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
The number of XXX stayed the same from (第一时间) to (第二时间)/between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
There was little change/hardly any change/no change in the number of XXX from from (
第一时间) to (第二时间)/between (第一时间) and (第二时间)
描述不同状态的data
Noun form:
steady drop/sharp rise peak/dramatic fall/sharp drop
Verbal form:
(to) bottom out/(to) reach the bottom/(to) increase gradually/(to) reach a plateau/(to) remain steady
描述the highest point以及the lowest point
高点极值:
The monthly profit/The figures/The situation ……
+peaked in (月份/年) <准确时间点用at XXX> at XXX%/XXX(极点data)
或者reached a peak/a high point at XXX%/XXX(极点data)
低点极值:
XXX bottomed out/reached
+rock/the bottom/a low point
或者hit a trough
此外,在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences,最常用的固定搭配如下:
并列: as well as(句首/中), also, as well(句尾), either, neither, too,
moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from ……
举例: for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially
事实: as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ……
雷同/近似:similarly, likewise(句首/尾), at the same time, equally ……
转折: however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though,
although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily,
in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead (of), in spite of, despite of ……
原因与结果
1. cause-suggestion (几乎不常用)
since/now that ……; I hope that……
because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + (doing) sth, I hope that……
2. cause-effect (较常用)
XXX lead to/bring about/result in/ account for ……
(一个句子), therefore/thus/hence/as a result/consequently/(and) so ……
3. effect-cause (较常用)
XXX be caused by/result from/be the result of/be the effect of/be the consequence of ……
(一个句子), because ……
it is adj. that ……
it is unimaginable that ……
it is undeniable that ……
it is interesting to discover that ……
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