2013年成人英语三级语法知识点(30)
三 分词
考试重点:分词在句中的作用;现在分词的被动式和过去分词的区别;现在分词和过去分词的区别;分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语是否一致;分词的独立主格;with(without)引导的分词的独立结构。
-ING分词是指由动词原形+-ING构成的、具有完成时态和被动语态的一种非谓语动词形式,具体形式如下:
主动形式 被动形式
现在式 doing being done
过去时 done
完成时 having done having been done
就其语法功能而言,它可以作表语、补足语、状语和定语。
(一)、分词在句中的作用
1、She was sitting in an armchair _____ a book.
A. reading B. to read C. to be reading D. to have read
(答案:A。分词短语在句中做伴随状语。)(1995年37题)
2、_____ anything about the accident, he went to work as well.
A. Not know B. Know not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing
( 答案:D。分词做原因状语)(2000年28题)
3、They all returned to the village _____ that the danger was over.
A. convincing B. convinced C. to convince D. having convinced
(答案:B。过去分词做伴随状语)(1997年57题)
4、We kept our _____ all night to frighten the wolves.
A. burning fire B. burnt fire C fire burning D. fire burnt
(答案:C。现在分词作宾补表示动作正在进行)(1997年55题)
(二)、现在分词和过去分词的区别
1、She told me that it was the most _____ gift her daughter had received.
A. delighting B. delighted C. delights D. delight
(答案:A。现在分词修饰的是事物,常译作“令人……”,具有主动、进行的意思。过去分词修饰人,常译作“感到……”,具有被动、完成的概念。又如:a moved audience:受感动的观众。)(2003年38题)
2、My parents are _____ with my progress.
A. please B. pleased C. pleasing D. being pleased
(答案:B。)
(三)、现在分词的被动式和过去分词的区别。
1、The interviewer should take down notes at the moment the person _____ answers the questions.
A. to be interviewed B. interviewing
C. being interviewed D. interviewed
(答案:C。现在分词的被动式。表示动作正在发生)(1997年33题)
2、Standing on the bank, the children watched the ship _____ with all kinds of goods.
A. loading B. being loaded C. to be loaded D. having loaded
(答案:B。现在分词的被动式。)(2000年23题)
3、We found the eggs eaten by the snake. 我们发现鸡蛋被蛇吃了。
(过去分词表示动作的完成和结果。)
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