2018年成人英语三级考试预测试卷及答案-阅读理解(4)

　　Animals seem to have the sense to eat when they are hungry and they do not eat more than their bodies need. It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles. When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamin enriched fluid, the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it, even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water. In time, however, they broke the habit and went back to where the necessary vitamins were.

　　In a classic experiment, babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria feeding arrangement, with a wide selection of baby food before them. They were given whatever food they pointed to or appeared interested in. We are told that at first they showed some unusual eating patterns, but that over a period of time they managed to select well-balanced diet.

　　So, in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them.Apparently, there is a kind of "body wisdom", which hmnans soon lose.Most of us do not eat as wisely as we could.

　　Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long-established habits. Some people eat fox, dog and blackbirds, while we eat cows and pigs. So what people eat and how much they eat seem to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.

　　16.In the experiment on rats, a fragrant flavor was added to the rat's drinking water to ( ).

　　A.encourage rats to drink vitamin-enriched water

　　B.find out rats preference in flavor

　　C.test whether rats know which drink is good for them

　　D.demonstrate that vitamins aretasteless

　　答案：C

　　细节题。答案在文章第一段"It has been demonstrated that rats will, when given a choice over a period of time, prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins even though there is no difference in taste or smell between the two water bottles."

　　17.The expression "the habit"( Line 6, Paragraph 1) refers to drinking water which ( ).

　　A.has no smell

　　B.is tasteless

　　C.has vitamins

　　D.is flavored

　　答案：D

　　细节题。第一段的最后谈到"When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitamin-enriched fluid.the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it…"所以句子中的habit实际上指的是老鼠喜欢喝有香味的水。所以D是正确答案。

　　18.According to the passage, adults eating habits differ from those of babies because ( ).

　　A.adults know better than babies what kind of food is good for their health

　　B.adults usually cannot resist the temptation of various delicious foods

　　C.adults' eating habits are closely related to the social and cultural customs

　　D.adults have more choices of food than babies in eating patterns

　　答案：C

　　细节题。由文章第二段的最后一句"Babies managed to select well-balanced diet."和文章的第三段中："Many of our food preferences are culturally determined and influenced by long established habits."可以看出成年人和婴儿的饮食习惯的不同点在于：成年人的饮食习惯和他们的社会和文化习俗有关。

　　19.The author implied in the passage that most of us ( ).

　　A.eat a balanced diet

　　B.choose the food that is of nutrition

　　C.have the habits influenced by the surroundings

　　D.like to eat the food with a fragrant flavor

　　答案：C

　　细节题。根据上下文，我们可以知道，文章中并没有提到“大多数人都有合理的饮食;选择有营养的食物以及喜欢吃有香味的食品。”因此A、B、D都是错误的。根据文章的最后一句："What people eat and how much they eat seem to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them."可以断定“我们的饮食习惯受周围环境的影响。”C是正确答案。

　　20.As far as their eating habits are concerned, babies and rats are similar in that ( ).

　　A.both have the wisdom to choose a balanced diet

　　B.both prefer flavored food and drink

　　C.both have the same eating patterns

　　D.both develop a taste for the same kinds of flavors

　　答案：A

　　细节题。由文章第二段的最后一句话："Babies managed to select well-balanced diet."和第三段的第一句话："So.in selecting food, rats and babies do seem to know and act on what's best for them.Apparently, there is a kind of‘body wisdom'which humans soon lose."因此可以推断：“婴儿和老鼠饮食习惯的相同点在于他们都会选择合理的饮食。”因此只有A最符合题意。

　　二、词汇和语法(21-30)

　　21.John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been _____ by a heavy storm.

　　A.kept

　　B.stopped

　　C.slowed

　　D.delayed

　　答案：D.考查动词delay的用法。be late for意为“迟到”，因此根据句意，航班应该是受到“耽搁，延误”，故选D项。

　　22. It's ten years since the scientist _____ on his life's work of discovering the valuable chemical.

　　A.made for

　　B.set out

　　C.took off

　　D.turned up

　　答案：B.句意：自从这位科学家开始从事发现有价值的化学品的工作以来，已经十年了。make for前往;take off起飞;脱下;匆匆离开;turn up出现;查(字典);开大(声音)。

　　23. Hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have _____ one-year-old twins at the head.?

　　A.isolated

　　B.separated

　　C.divided

　　D.removed

　　答案：B.isolate使……孤立;separate把……分开(原来不是整体);divide把整体分成部分;remove把……移开。

　　24. I don't _____ rock 'n' roll.It's much too noisy for my taste.?

　　A.go after

　　B.go away with

　　C.go into

　　D.go in for

　　答案：D.go in for喜欢;go after追求;go away with随身带走;go into从事，参加。

　　25. He accidentally _____ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn't been home for a couple of weeks.?

　　A.let out

　　B.took care

　　C.made sure

　　D.made out

　　答案：A.let out意为“泄漏，说出”;take care意为“当心”;make sure意为“确保”;make out意为“识别，辨别”。

　　26.Although _____ experience, the members of the team played well in the football game.

　　A lacked

　　B lacking of

　　C lacking

　　D lacked of

　　答案：C

　　解析：lack为及物动词，意为“缺乏，没有，需要”。

　　27_____ you've tried it, you can't imagine how pleasant it is.

　　A Unless

　　B Because

　　C Although

　　D When

　　答案：A

　　解析：unless引导条件状语从句，表示“如果不，除非”。根据主句的意思可判断出选用unless.because引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”，两句之间是因果关系。although引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然……，但是……”。when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。

　　28.There's no light on they _____ be at home.

　　A can't

　　B mustn't

　　C needn't

　　D shouldn't

　　答案：A

　　解析：根据所提供的情景“There's no light on”可判断出他们不可能在家。mustn't后接动词原形，表示“禁止，不准”，不用于表示猜测、推测或判断。needn't意为“没必要”，表示没有必要做某事。shouldn't意为“不应该”，表示不应该做某事。

　　29.We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, _____ that all children like these things.

　　A thinking

　　B think

　　C to think

　　D thought

　　答案：A

　　解析：因为think的逻辑主语是句子的主语，所以要用动词+ing形式作状语。

　　30.Some people in parts of the world are wasting food _____ some others haven't any.

　　A since

　　B when

　　C as

　　D while

　　答案：D

　　解析：while有前后对比转折的意味。

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