2018年成人英语三级考试预测试卷及答案-阅读理解(8)

　　Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem-how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bubs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campus's six buildings comfortable.

　　Some parts of most modern buildings-theaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called "heat recovery." A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University's system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.

　　Along the way, pit has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. (76) Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hardworking, overweight male genius.

　　16. Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it ______.

　　A. was difficult to collect

　　B. came in a variety of forms

　　C. was difficult to get rid of

　　D. tended to be absorbed by physical objects

　　答案：C

　　答案是开头的第二句：The usual problem is how to dispose of it.Dispose of“处理解决”。

　　17. Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?

　　A. The heat is supplied by human bodies only.

　　B. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objects.

　　C. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.

　　D. The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel.

　　答案：B

　　答案在第一段的第三句中。他们设计了一种收集系统，它不但利用身体的热，还收集由灯泡、冰箱等散发出来的热。有了这两种热能，作者指出在校园中已无需任何conventional fuel。

　　18.The phrase "even in winter" (in line 8) most nearly means ______.

　　A. if the winter is especially warm

　　B. during all of the year except the winter

　　C. in the winter as well as in other seasons

　　D. during the evenings in the winter

　　答案：C

　　第二段中说：大多数现代化的大楼有些部分-戏院、办公室以及教室是用人体和灯光的热来供热的，有时候甚至在冬天的空调也是由它们来供热。Even意为“甚至”。

　　19. The phrase "heat recovery" refers to a ______.

　　A. method of concealing the source of heat

　　B. special form of air conditioning

　　C. supplementary hot water system

　　D. way of reclaiming and re-using heat

　　答案：D

　　回收再利用热能。此题考察学生对全文的总结能力，以及reclaim和re-use的词义。

　　20. According to the passage which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?

　　A. A fat female who studies hard.

　　B. A thin female who does not study.

　　C. A fat male who does not study.

　　D. A thin male who studies hard.

　　答案：B

　　最后一段倒数第二句说：男学生发出的热量比女生发出的热量多，学生体重越重产生的热量越多。学习刻苦的比学习不刻苦的产生的热量多。所以最瘦的女生产生的热量最少。

　　二、词汇和语法(21-30)

　　21.The new dictionary _____ him 15 dollars.

　　A.paid

　　B.took

　　C.spent

　　D.cost

　　答案：D

　　解析：这本新字典花了他15美元。本题考查的是动词词义辨析。take，spend，cost都有“花费”的意思。当人作主语时用spend，当物作主语时用cost;take常用在It takes sb. some time to do sth.这一句型中;pay一词指的是某人主动付款购买某物。根据题意，故选D.

　　22.His good sense of humor made a deep impression _____ us.

　　A.in

　　B.on

　　C.for

　　D.to

　　答案：B

　　解析：他的幽默感给我们留下了深刻印象。本题考查的是固定搭配。make/leave a deep impression on sb.意为“给某人留下深刻的印象”。

　　23.He had so little education _____ he was unfit for this job.

　　A.but

　　B.what

　　C.as

　　D.that

　　答案：D

　　解析：他所受教育很少，以致于不适合做这个工作。本题考查的是固定搭配。so+形容词或副词+that clause，表示“如此…以致于…”。

　　24._____ had enough time, they would have visited the Great Wall。

　　A.Had they

　　B.Have they

　　C.Would they have

　　D.If they

　　答案：A

　　解析：如果他们有足够的时间，他们就去参观长城了。本题考查的是虚拟语气。本题是省略if的条件句的虚拟语气。由主句谓语动词的形式，可以判断是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的句子，要求选的是条件句。如果用if开头，从句就应用过去完成时的形式，D选项不符合，排除。虚拟条件从句中的were，had或should可以前置而省略if。故选A.

　　25.Noise is unpleasant, _____ when you are absorbed in readin9.

　　A.essentially

　　B.especially

　　C.specially

　　D.strangely

　　答案：B

　　解析：噪音很讨厌，尤其是你专心致志看书的时候。本题考查的是副词辨析。essentially意为“本质上，实质上”;especially意为“特别，尤其，格外”;specially意为“专门地，特别地”;strangely意为“奇妙地;不可思议地;怪异地”。根据题意。选B.

　　26.It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly _____ my roommate.

　　A.pull out

　　B.run out

　　C.pick out

　　D.turn out

　　答案：C

　　解析：电影院里光线太暗，我差点没辨认出我的室友来。本题考查的是动词词组的词义辨析。pull out意为“驶出，抽出，拔出”;lain out意为“用完，耗尽，过期”;pick out意为“挑选出，分辨出辨认出”;turn out意为“露面，证明是，熄灭”。

　　27.When _____ along the street in the evening，the young lawyer saw her former teacher.

　　A.walking

　　B.to walk

　　C.walk

　　D.walked

　　答案：A

　　解析：晚上在街上散步的时候，这个年轻的律师遇见了她以前的老师。本题考查的是非谓语动词。分词短语作状语。分词短语或分词可作时间状语、原因状语、让步状语、条件状语或伴随状语。如果主句主语与分词是主动关系，就用现在分词;要是被动关系，就用过去分词。分词短语前面可以有when，while，once，if，unless，though等连词修饰。句中walk与the young lawyer的关系是主动关系，所以用现在分词，正确答案为A.

　　28.I'll accept any job _____ I don't have to get up early.

　　A.as soon as

　　B.as long as

　　C.as far as

　　D.as much as

　　答案：B

　　解析：只要不必早起，任何工作我都可以接受。本题考查的是连词词组。as soon as意为“尽快”;as far as意为“那么远，直到;至于”;as much as意为“和…一样多”;as long as句中的意思是“只要”。根据题意，正确答案为B.

　　29.They were angry because you _____ your promise.

　　A.didn't keep

　　B.have not kept

　　C.don't keep

　　D.had not kept

　　答案：D

　　解析：由于你没有遵守诺言，他们很生气。本题考查的是动词时态。主句用过去时，原因状语从句的动作发生在“生气”这件事前，所以时态需要用过去完成时。故选D.

　　30.Mary had an _____; she's been knocked down by a taxi.

　　A.event

　　B.occurrence

　　C.accident

　　D.incident

　　答案：C

　　解析：玛丽遇到了交通事故;她被出租车撞倒了。本题考查的是名词辨析。event意为“事件，偶然发生的事件，可指任何大小事件，但尤指历史上的重大事件”;occurrence意为“日常生活中发生的一般事件”;accident意为“事故，强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情”;incident意为“突发事件，可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响力的事件或事变”。根据题意，应选C.

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