2013年成人英语三级考试情态动词用法总结
情态动词
情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。情态动词无人称变化,在句子中和动词原形一起构成谓语。从这几年的考试看,着重测验情态动词接完成时的用法,尤其是与虚拟语气结合来考查学生的掌握情况。另外情态动词表推测也成为今年考查重点,须引起重视。
1.must+完成时 表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测
例1 Since this road is wet and slippery this morning,it ____ last night.
A.must rain B.was raining C.must have rained D.may rain
【答案】C(2004年11月35题)转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
例 2 I believe he ____ an accident,otherwise he would have arrived on time.
A.would have had B.could have had C.should have had D.must have had
【答案】D(2001年58题)
例3 Mr.Green ____ my letter,otherwise be would have replied before now.
A.must have received B.must have failed to receive C.must receive D.must fail to receive
【答案】B(1998年44题)
例4 She ___ be ill because I saw her playing tennis just now.A.can′t B.could′t C.mustn′t D.may not
【答案】A(2005年10月20题)
2、should(ought to)+完成时 表示应该做的事情而没有做,否定式表示不该做的事情做了。含有对
过去的动作的责备、批评。
例1 You ought ____ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday.
A.oughtn′t to go B.hadn′t gone C.shouldn′t have gone D.mustn′have gone
【答案】C(2006年11月30题)
例2 You ought ____ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday.
A.to report B.to have reported C.to reporting D.have reported
【答案】B(2003年11月36题)
例3 I′m sorry I couldn′t get in touch with him before be left,I ____ him earlier.
A.had a telephone B.have phoned C.should have phoned D.should be phoned
【答案】C(2000年26题)
2.could/might + 完成时 表示能做的事情而没有做。表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜、遗憾。
例1 He could have joined us,but he didn′t get our invitation in time.
他本来能够和我们在一起,但是他没有及时收到我们的请柬。
例2 He might have given you more help,but he was busy then.
他本来可以给你更多帮助的,但他那时很忙。转自环 球 网 校edu24ol.com
例3 He abandoned a career that _____ to his becoming one of the most influential people in the world.
A.could have led B.would lead C.should have led D.must lead
【答案】A(2005年11月33题)
(五)主谓一致
1、名词physics“物理”,maths“数学”,news“新闻”,means“方法”等一般被认为是形式上是复数、而意思上是单数的名词,它们作主语的时候动词一般用单数形式。
2、当主语由as well as,along with,together with,including,accompanied by 等短语+名词(代词)时,主语与谓语的一致关系不受影响,主语是单数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式时,谓语动词用复数。
例1 Professor Smith,along with his assistants,____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline,
A.work B.working C.is working D.are working
【答案】C (2007年4月37题)
例2 The teacher,as well as all his students,____ by the dancer′s performance.
A.was impressed B.had impressed C.impressed vv D.were impressed
【答案】A(2006年4月42题)
例3 Mr.Smith,together with his wife and children,____ going to the party this weekend.
A.am B.is C.are D.will
【答案】B(2004年11月28题)
3、当用and连接的名词前有each,every等修饰时,谓语动词用单数。当主语是each…and…,every…and every…,many a …and… 机构时,谓语动词用单数。
例1 Many a singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. 许多歌唱家和舞蹈家将参加我们的晚会。
例2 In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我们国家每个人都有接受教育的权利。
4、就近原则
由or,not only…but also…,either…or…,neither…nor…连接两个并列的主语时,谓语的数和最邻近的主语一致。
例1 Either you or I am right. 不是你对就是我对。
例2 Not only Jane but also her family members were friendly to me.不仅是简,她的家人对我也很好。
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