学士学位英语考试词汇与语法语法辅导二十一
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学士学位英语考试词汇与语法语法辅导二十一
定语从句
在复合句中起定语作用的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句分为两种：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。本节主要讲解各个关系代词及关系副词引导的定语从句、介词与关系代词的连用、准关系代词as，以及非限制性定语从句
1、关系代词 who，whom，whose，which，that引导的定语从句
例1 The company official __ I thought would be fired received a raise .
A.whom B.whoever C.who D.of whom
【答案】C(1998年40题) 定语从句中I thought 作插入语，who作主语。
注：以下情况只用that 不用which 或who:考 易网提供
(1)先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，如：He is the tallest man that I have ever seen.(此处不用who，因为前面有最高级修饰)
(2)先行词前有any，all，the only，the very，the last，no时，如：She is the very person that we are looking for.(此处不能用who，因为前面有the very修饰)
(3)先行词all，little，something，anything，nothing，mush，few等不定式代词时，如：Is there anything that I can do for you?(此处不用which，因为先行词位anything)
(4)先行词既有人又有物时，如;We are talking about the persons and the things that we remember.(先行词为the persons and the things，人和物，故用that)
例2 Of those ____ had applied for the jobs，only two were accepted. A.persons B.that C.who D.which
【答案】B(1999年考题)
2、关系副词 when，where，，why引导的定语从句
例: We live in a time ____，more than ever before in history，people are moving.
A.what B.when C.which D.where
【答案】B(2006年11月19题)
3、关系代词前带介词的定语从句
例1 The tsunami(海啸)____ over 160，000 people were killed was a terrible disaster for human beings.
A.of that B.among which C.during that D.in which
【答案】D(2005年11月24题)
例2 This is the dictionary ____ Idepend a lot whenever I have peoblems with new words.
A.with which B.in which C.on which D.for which
【答案】C(2004年4月19题) 注：介词后面的关系词不用that。
4、准关系代词as
as 也可以用来引导定语从句。用作关系代词的as通常与such，the same，as连用。或者用在句首，指代后面的一句话，如as is known to all，as we all know，as is often the case 等。
例1 I will buy the same shirt as you have. 我将买和你同样的衬衫。
例2 He spoke in such easy English as everybody could understand. 他用大家都可以理解的简单英语说话。
例3 ___ is well-known，the environment in China is badly in need of improvement.
A.It B.That C.As D.What
【答案】C(2007年4月18题)
例4 ____ is well known，the key to success lies in hard work. A.As B.that C.Which D.what
【答案】A(2005年4月43题)
例5 Do not trust such men ____ often like to praise you to your face. A.who B.that C.as D.they
【答案】C(2004年4月34题)
5、非限制性定语从句
(1)对被修饰的名词起附加说明，或进一步描述或补充。
这种从句有一定的独立性，即使去掉，主句的意思仍然完整，只是内容相对不够具体。与主句之间常用逗号分开，所用的关系代词与限制性定语从句基本相同，但不能用关系词that引导。
例1 It turned out that the man was an excellent policeman working in New York，____ had contributed a lot to the case. A.that B.which C.who D.where
【答案】C(2007年4月26题)
例2 He was very rude to the customs officer， ____ of course made things even worse.
A.who B.whom C.what D.which
【答案】D(2006年4月21题)
(2)名词(代词)+ 介词 + 关系代词。
例1 The writer has published many books， ____ are well received by the readers.
A.none of whom B.all of which C.neither of who D.one of which
【答案】B(2004年4月17题)
关系代词修饰的是指物的名词。因此用which;根据本句的句意，要选肯定句。本句的意思是：这位作者出版了好多书，都非常受读者的欢迎。
例2 The United States is composed of fifty states，two of ___ are separated from the others by land or water.
A.them B.that C.which D.those
【答案】C(2003年23题)
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