成人英语三级语法辅导：副词功能的“连词+现在分词短语”
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这里要举出一些例子，以证明“连词+现在分词短语”也可作副词，修饰谓语动词，可以从五方面探讨这问题。
⒈和“When, while, before, after, since”等连用，表示“ 时间”，例如：
He scanned the newspaper while having breakfast.
Some students stammered when speaking in front of the teacher.
Wash your hands before eating your meals.
Return the book to me after reading it.
I have lost contact with Robi since leaving university.
⒉和“thus, thereby”连用，表示“结果”，例如：
All the necessary details are included, thus eliminating needless further correspondence.
John did not come along, thereby making it necessary for us to get someone else to replace him.
⒊和“though, although”连用，表示“让步”，例如：
Though working day and night, the gambler still could not make enough money to pay off his debts.
Although answering all the questions in the test, Xiaogai did not get a good grade.
⒋和“even if, even though”连用，表示“条件”，例如：
Even if still functioning, the old machine would be of no great value.
Even though raining, we had to launch the campaign as planned.
⒌和“as if, as though”连用，表示“比较”，例如：
The man walked hurriedly, but suddenly stopped, as if remembering something.
Helen sat down in a quiet corner, as though waiting for someone to come.
就一般情况说，现在分词短语作副词用途时，它的逻辑主语，就是句子的主语。但是如果分词短语的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，它便要有自己的主语而形成独立结构(an absolute construction)，即：“主语+现在分词短语”。例如：
He stared at the approaching girl, his eyes widening.
All the participants having arrived, the chairman declared the meeting open.
必要时，现在分词短语也可以和“with,without”等连用。例如：
With their breath running out, some weaker athletes had to stop playing.
In a quiet place like that, the villagers generally do as they wish, without anybody trying to bother about them.
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