2018年成人英语三级考试阅读理解冲刺题及答案(2)

Katherine walked into a newspaper office， and demanded to see the editor. Fortunately， the editor was passing the inquiry office when she asked for him. Seeing she was a girl of school age， he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews.

Katherine was very rude to him when he told her they didn‘t accept schoolgirls. She said she was surprised that the editor of a great London newspaper did not know how to behave like a gentleman. The editor sat back in his chair and laughed heartily. He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty. After some further conversation， in which Katherine attempted to persuade him that she could do anything he wanted， from writing a leading article to a serial story， she said： “I am not going to leave this room until you put me on the staff!”

Then the editor had to speak to her rather seriously， and told her what a great London newspaper meant to a girl and how utterly ignorant she was of everything that would make her useful as a journalist. Upon this Katherine burst into tears， and the editor， who had dismissed many men in the course of his career， walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment.

“Look here，” he said， “if you come to me in two years‘ time， with a knowledge of shorthand， and if you promise not to shed tears on my blotting paper， I will give you something to do.”

“Really? If you don‘t mind， I’ll have it in black and white，” said the girl.

The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked. He drafted out an agreement for her on the lines laid down with a great deal of solemnity(严肃)which he found quite amusing， for he was confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect.

1. The real reason why the editor decided to interview the girl was that he _____.

A. heard her asking for him

B. was not very busy

C. thought it would amuse him

D. liked to work with young girls

答案：A.答题依据是第一段最后一句话“It‘s amazing how many candidates to eliminate themselves，” “he say. 和第二段第一句Resumes arrive with stains.前一句是结果，后一句是原因。题干中job applicants，rejected分别与文中candidates，eliminate对应。答案选项中的carelessness与文中stain对应。

2. “He rather liked it for its novelty” means he liked it because it was _____.

A. unusual

B. pleasant

C. courageous

D. friendly

答案：C.答题时首先要依靠上下文。第三段第一句话中的too…to结构是设问：我们会不会对细节过份注重?第二句话中struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward意思是：以牺牲要做的大事为代价而注重一些鸡毛蒜皮的小事。由此可见Perfectionists(完美主义者)是一种事无巨细一概追求尽善尽美，但往往又失去主要目标的人。后一句To keep from the forest for the trees相当于中文的“只见树木不见森林”，“抓了芝麻丢了西瓜”一类说法。答题时还应搞清这一段在全文语篇发展中所起的承上启下的作用。本文前两段是批评人们粗枝大叶，不拘小节。这一段转而告诫人们不要过于拘泥于小节，吹毛求疵，而应该在注意细节的同时不忘整体。

3. The editor walked up and down the room， because he was _____.

A. rather angry with her

B. afraid other people would hear her crying

C. not sure whether he should dismiss her or not

D. trying to make a decision

答案：A.推理依据有两处，第一处是第三段第二句话中struggle over little things at the cost of something larger，言下之意是：过于注重细节往往要付出很大代价。另一处是文章最后一段的最后一句话，意思是：只要人们把手头的一件件小事做好就可能得到很大的报偿。根据这两处所述，我们可以推断，作者会这样劝告人们“虽然过于注重细节可能要付出大的代价，但我们还是不应该忽略它们”。

4. As their conversation continued， the editor _____.

A. changed his opinion of the girl

B. grew tired of her

C. became annoyed

D. thought she was too uneducated

答案：D.首先要考虑作者在第三段的后半部分引用Charles Garfield所说的话We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we‘re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t， we should drop them and move to something else(我们必须不断地问自己，当前做的细节小事是否与整体大事相适应。如果不是这样，就应该放下它们，去做别的事)。作者的观点是：人们在做事时应时时注意调整局部与整体的关系。那么，什么是整体?在第四段中，作者以the Apollo II moon launch为例证，具体说明：目标是整体的关键所在，即在做事的过程中不断调整局部与全局的关系是为了最终实现已确定的目标。

5. When the editor drafted out the agreement for the girl， he _____.

A. hoped that this would please the girl

B. wished that it would take effect soon

C. adopted a rather serious attitude

D. didn‘t mean what he wrote

答案：C.答案应综合文章前后两部分的内容。前半部分说明粗枝大叶的害处，后半部分说明光注重细节而忽略细节与整体的关系同样是有害的。干扰项A、B内容均太窄，D项是细枝末节，与文章中心思想关联甚少。Passage Four本文介绍了古今世界各地不同的婚俗风情。

In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the child‘s acquisition(获得)of each new skill-the first spoken words，the first independent steps，or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate，but this can set up dangerous feeling of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early，a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand， though，if a child is left alone too much，or without any learning opportunities，he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters，others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general，the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child‘s own happiness.

As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child，consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also，parents should realize that “example is better than precept”。If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)，their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves，and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parent‘s principles and their moral can be a dangerous disappointment.

6. Eagerly watching the child‘s acquisition of new skills _____.

A. should be avoided

B. is universal among parents

C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

D. will make him lose interest in learning new things

答案：A

解析：第一段讲到了父母急切盼望孩子们掌握新技能的这种心情所带来的各种负面影响，B、C、D三项均是负面影响的内容，因此要尽量避免，所以只选一项最佳的就选A.

7. In the process of children‘s learning new skills parents _____.

A. should encourage them to read before know the meaning of the words they read

B. Should not expect too much of them

C. Should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own

D. Should create as many learning opportunities as possible

答案：C

解析：根据第一段中所提到的父母太急于盼望孩子们掌握新技能对孩子们产生的不良影响可以得出一个结论：父母应该在强迫孩子和给予他们自由之间保持平衡。故选C.

8. The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____.

A. parents should be strict with their children

B. parents controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community

C. parental restriction vary， and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone

D. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation

答案：C

解析：根据第二段第一句话“Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children.”故选C.

9. The word “precept” (Line 4， Para.3) probably means _____.

A. idea

B. punishment

C. behavior

D. instruction

答案：D

解析：根据最后一段“If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)”，可知precept的意思与preach相近，故选D instruction(指导)。

10. In moral matters， parents should _____.

A. observe the rules themselves

B. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children

C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality

D. consistently ensure the security of their children

答案：A

解析：根据最后一段第一句“As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child， consistency is very important in parental teaching.”可知：在道德问题方面，父母的教育方式要保持一致与连贯，不能朝令夕改。故选A.

Hillary RodhamHillary Rodham Clinton released the first television spot of her Senate campaign this morning， a 30-second commercial that will begin airing statewide on Thursday. The spot， titled “First，” uses numerous still photos to highlight landmarks in Mrs. Clinton‘s career， while the voiceover says she is “more than a fist lady.”

There is no mention of Mrs. Clinton‘s rival for New York’s Senate seat， New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani.

Clinton campaign spokesman Howard Wolfson said the ad was “positive” and “biographical，” instead of focusing on the first lady‘s opponent.

Mrs. Clinton has previously aired radio ads， but has generally stayed with a strategy of making extensive campaign appearances instead of using television spots， while Giuliani has already run statewide TV ads.

Text of Hillary Commercial：

First she became a lawyer， named one of the top hundred in America.

Her first cause was children， fighting abuse and chairing the board of the Children‘s Defense Fund.

Her first priority was public schools， helping to establish teacher testing.

More than a first lady. For 30 years， she‘s fought for children and families.

As New York‘s senator， she’ll fight for better schools and heath care for children.

Hillary， Put her to work for all of us.

Clinton released the first television spot of her Senate campaign this morning， a 30-second commercial that will begin airing statewide on Thursday. The spot， titled “First，” uses numerous still photos to highlight landmarks in Mrs. Clinton‘s career， while the voiceover says she is “more than a fist lady.”

11. What does the word “air” in the first sentence mean?

A. dry

B. express

C. breathe

D. broadcast

答案：D

解析：本题提问的是第一段中的“air”是什么意思。由这句话我们可以得知，希拉里今天早晨发表了她竞选纽约州议员的电视宣传;为时30分钟的电视宣传将于星期二开始进行全国播放。由该句的意思我们可以猜出“air”的意思为“播放”。所以，答案为D.而其他三个词A(晒干)，B(表达)和C(呼吸)均与原义不符，故不能入选。

12. What does “more than first lady” in the first paragraph suggest?

A. Hillary is not a first lady.

B. Hillary does much more than what a first lady is expected to do.

C. There are more women in America who does better than Hillary does.

D. Hillary is doing better than her husband.

答案：B

解析：本题提问的是第一段里“more than first lady”是什么意思。在世界各地，第一夫人作为国家元首的妻子，是一国之母，她的形象一般是一个帮助总统处理好家务，并且进行一些妇女活动和慈善事业，借此来提高元首的形象。但是，希拉里作为第一夫人，她所做的超出了第一夫人的职责。她不但在社会活动中经常露脸，而且直接参与政事，开始竞选起议员来了。所以，选项B应该是该题的答案。

13.Which of the following statement is true regarding the Senator campaign according the passage?

A. Hillary has appeared on TV shot for mumerous times.

B. Hillary rarely makes her public appearance.

C. Giuliani has made TV advertisement for himself.

D. Hillary has a bigger chance to win the campaign.

答案：C

解析：本题提问的是对此次参议院竞选，以下哪一个说法是正确的。文章的第四段告诉我们，希拉里以前曾经在广播上作过宣传，但是她一直采取的战略是频频在公众场合出现，而不是使用电视宣传;与她不同的是，Giuliani已作过全国电视宣传。由该段可知，选项C为正确答案。从文章的第一句话我们可以得知，这是希拉里第一次在电视上为自己作宣传，所以，选项A和B不符合原文;此次议员竞选，花落谁手尚未分晓，所以，选项D也不能入选。

14. Hillary‘s campaign focuses on all the flooowing except_____.

A. children‘s health care

B. school education for children

C. combating child abuse

D. family planning policy

答案：D

解析：本题提问的是以下哪一下不是希拉里的竞选重点。希拉里的竞选广告在文章的最后几段里;它的重点是学校教育;作者评论道，在过去的30年里，希拉里一直都在为儿童和家庭的幸福斗争。将来当了纽约的参议员，她会为孩子们的良好教育和健康保险而努力;由此我们得知，选项A(儿童健康保险)B(儿童的学校教育)和C(打击虐待儿童现象)都是她的竞选重点，只有选项D(计划生育政策)与原文不合，所以，D为本题答案。

15.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?

A. First Lady‘s Senator Campaign

B. Hillary‘s TV Advertisement

C. A Rivalry for New York‘s Senate Seat

D. The Focuses of Hillary Campaign

答案：A

解析：本文从第一夫人希拉里-克林顿为其入选纽约参议员拉开序幕讲起，对目前的竞选状况作了一个大概介绍，并且对希拉里的竞选内容作了一个介绍，同时，作者表达了他自己的观点;整篇文章以介绍她的竞选情况为主，所以，选项A(第一夫人竞选参议员)用以概括全文最为全面，因此，为正确答案。

One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open. For many of us the“cashless society”is not on the horizon—it's already here.

While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours are busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for similar reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even of the production process itself.

Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

16.According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to _____.

A. withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes

B. obtain more convenient services than other people do

C. enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper

D. cash money wherever he wishes to

答案：B。

短文第一段是关于信用卡(credit card)的。B项的根据是第一段中的They (credit cards) give their owners automatic credit in stores…和...can be read automatically.既然信用卡能在商店、餐馆、旅店、家里、全国各地、甚至国外等各种场合自动给予“信用”，那么信用卡持有人当然会比其他得到更为方便的服务。A)是陪衬项，明显不对;C)项解释错误;根据withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations判断D)项错。

17.From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that _____.

A. in the future all the Americans will use credit cards

B. credit cards are mainly used in the United States today

C. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash

D. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before

答案：选C。

本题是语义理解题。第一段最后一句意思是“对我们大多数人来说，‘无现金的社会’不是在地平线上(即不是刚刚出现的新事物)，在这儿已经实现了”。句中many of us指我们许多美国人，it's already here中的it指cashless society，即“不用现金支付”。显然C)项是这句话的含义。最后一句话只谈到cashless society的已经存在，既推不出A)，也推不出B)。

18.The phrase“ring up sales”(Line 2, Para. 2) most probably means _____.

A. make an order of goods

B. record sales on a cash register

C. call the sales manager

D. keep track of the goods in stock

答案：选B。

本题考查考生根据上下文推测词义的能力。短语所在的句子是比较级句型，根据“比较对象一致”的原则可知，ring up sales与“电子现金出纳机”electronic cash register属于同类东西。又根据下文They can keep a wide range of records，including…，可知electronic cash register能记许多东西，提供各种销售信息，从这两方面可猜测B项是ring up sales的意思，即现金收录记录机，一种功能单一的现金出纳机。A)项解释毫无根据，C)项离得太远，D)项是electronic cash register的功能之一。故B)为最佳答案。

19.The second paragraph focuses upon the purpose of ____.

A. giving some specific examples of how businessmen rely on computers

B. convincing us how useful computers are to sellers

C. conveying computers are derived from promotion campaign

D. supporting the idea that we rely on computers completely

答案：选B。

题干问“第二段的主要用途是什么”?A)项为了提供一些商人怎样依赖于电脑的确切例子;B)项为了使我们相信计算机对商人有多么重要;C)项表明计算机起源于推销运动;D)项为了证明我们完全依赖于电脑。纵观全文可知，通篇第二段在讲计算机对商人的种种用途，因此，答案为B)。

20.What is this passage mainly about?

A. Approaches to the commercial use of computers.

B. Conveniences brought about by computers in business.

C. Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.

D. Advantages of credit cards in business.

答案：选B。

本题为中心思想测试题。第一段介绍了计算机使credit card持有人存款、存、支付等极其方便;第二段讲计算机给销售商带来许多便利，第三段讲了计算机运用的广泛性，而且都是商业方面的运用，由此可知，本文主题思想应为B)(计算机在商业中所带来的好处)。A)项计算机的商用方法;C)项商业自动化的重要性;D)项商业中信用卡的优点。A)、C)、D)均不是本短文的主题思想。

二、词汇和语法(21-30)

21.Mrs. Smith was so _____ about everything that no servants could please her.

A.specific

B.special

C.precise

D.particular

答案：D

解析：Be particular about sth.表示“对……挑剔，吹毛求疵”。

22.He never arrives on time and my _____ is that he feels the meetings are useless.

A.preference

B.conference

C.inference

D.reference

答案：C

解析：本题的四个选项都有"ence"的后缀把一个动词变为名词，所以我们只要背了它们的动词词根的意思，这四个词的意思就容易找出来了。Preference表示“喜欢，喜好”;conference的意思是“会议，大会”;reference表示“参考，指出”;而inference表示“推断，推论”，符合题义。

23.The little girl was so frightened that she just wouldn't _____ her grip on my arm.

A.loosen

B.remove

C.relieve

D.dismiss

答案：A

解析：本题有两个选项容易混淆：A)loosen和C)relieve.Relieve的意思是“减缓导致……的减轻或缓和;免于痛苦，脱离痛苦，焦虑或者苦恼;救济，为……提供帮助或援助”，不能和grip搭配;而loosen one's grip表示“放开手”。

24.The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _____ instead of mechanically.

A.artificially

B.automatically

C.manually

D.synthetically

答案：C

解析：这也更加要求我们要“温故而知新”。因为instead of后面是mechanically(机械地)，所以我们只要找到它的反义词就行了，答案C)manually手动符合题义。

25.This is what you should bear in mind: Don't _____ a salary increase before you actually get it.

A.hang on

B.draw on

C.wait on

D.count on

答案：D

解析：本题考察四个带有on的动词词组。Hang on意思较多，有“纠缠，紧紧握住某物;坚持不放弃;坚持不懈;打电话时不挂断;稍待等待一会儿时间”;draw on穿上， 戴上(靴子， 手套等);吸收， 利用; 凭， 靠;动用;向……支取;逗引(某人)开口说话;招来， 招致;接近，靠近;wait on满足……的需要;服侍;count on表示“依赖，依靠”，符合上下文。

26.At the job interview, Mr. Brown gave a good _____ of himself and finally got a job as a salesman.

A. opinion

B. idea

C. cry

D. account

答案：D

27.The police are trying to find out the _____ of the woman killed in the traffic accident.

A. evidenc

e B. recognition

C. identity

D. status

答案：C

28.The wind was so strong last night that it tore the _____ of the ship into two or three pieces.

A. mask

B. mine

C. sail

D. satellite

答案： C

29.Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _____ of exercise.

A. limit

B. lack

C. need

D. demand

答案：B

limit“限制，限度”;lack“缺乏，不足”;need“需要”;demand“要求”。

30.Have you any _____ that you were not there at 9 o'clock last night?

A. statement

B. cause

C. words

D. proof

答案：D